Published on IESL-FORTH (https://cc-webserver.iesl.forth.gr)

Researcher ID [1]
Scholar ID [2]
Office Phone: (+30) 2810 391382
Lab Phone: (+30) 2810 391983
Email: loukakos(AT)iesl.forth.gr
Webpage: http://www.flasss.com [3]
Full CV: Download [4]
Dr. Loukakos Panagiotis
Research Director

In this experimental research activity ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopy is employed to study the ultrafast processes that occur in condensed phase materials following intense optical excitation by ultrashort laser pulses. By utilizing the general pump-probe methodology the ultrafast electronic, lattice and magnetic interactions taking place in solids in the picosecond and the femtosecond temporal regime are investigated. Novel bulk and nanostructured photonic materials have high priority in our research with potential in modern applications such as nanocircuits, ultrafast nonlinear optical switches, high efficiency devices, energy, nanocatalysts, spintronics etc. The physics of semiconductors metals and dielectrics in confined geometries and nanostructures that exhibit novel combined optoelectronic and magnetic properties, hybrid and nanosructured materials with applications in environmental-friendly photonic devices are investigated. Strongly correlated metal oxide systems with electron correlations and combined optic and magnetic properties are in the front line of the research interest.

Education

  • Batchelor’s degree in Physics, Un. Crete, Greece, 1996
  • Master’s degree in Physics, Un. Of Crete, Greece, 1998
  • PhD degree in Physics, Un. Crete, Greece, 2002

Career

  • Marie Curie individual fellowship and postdoctoral research, Freie Un. Berlin, 2002-2007
  • Greek Military Service 2007
  • 2007-2008 postdoctoral research, FORTH-IESL
  • 2008, Junior Researcher, FORTH-IESL
  • 2011, Assistant Researcher, FORTH-IESL
  • 2014, Principal Researcher, FORTH-IESL

Interests

  • Ultrafast dynamics in solid state systems and condensed phase materials
  • Electronic correlations in strongly correlated systems
  • Nanocrystals, nanoparticles, nanostructures
  • Plasmonic materials
  • Reduced dimensionality systems
  • Temporal Pulse Shaping applications and coherent control of ultrafast processes
  • Ultrafast processes during light-surface interaction and ablation
  • Lasers for Clean Energy Applications

Other

Laboratory Description

The FLASS (Femtosecond Laser Spectroscopy in Solid State) laboratory is a unique laboratory for the Greek research community based on an amplified laser source which delivers pulses of laser light at a repetition rate of 1 kHz, central wavelength at 785 nm, with maximum energy per pulse 0.8 mJ and minimum pulse duration of 25 fs. Secondary optical sources include non-collinear optical parametric amplifiers which can provide a broad range of selectable wavelengths spanning the region from the near UV to the near IR (~250nm-1500nm). Additionally a Spatial Light Modulator in a 4f optical configuration is used to modulate the temporal shape of the laser pulses in a temporal window extending to 14 ps. Together with a pump-probe workstation and the proper analysis instruments (spectrometer, monochromator, CCD imaging camera, lock-in amplifier etc.) we can perform state-of the art pump-probe time-resolved all-optical spectroscopy at a variety of condensed matter systems such as metals, (wide band gap-) semiconductors, quantum wells, thin films nanocrystals and reduced dimensionality systems. Also, the laboratory employs an additional dual-purpose workstation consisting of: 1) direct laser-surface writing for microstructure and nanostructure formation on metal, semiconductor and dielectric surfaces and 2) LIFT (Laser-Induced Forward Transfer) workstation for micro-confined deposition of thin films onto selected surfaces and substrates.

Enhanced hydrogen production through alkaline electrolysis using laser-nanostructured nickel electrodes
I.A. Poimenidis, M.D. Tsanakas, N. Papakosta, A. Klini, M. Farsari, S.D. Moustaizis, P.A. Loukakos
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Volume:46, Page:37162, Year:2021, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.09.010 [5]
Electrodeposited laser – nanostructured electrodes for increased hydrogen production
I.A. Poimenidis, N. Papakosta, A. Manousaki, A. Klini, M. Farsari, S.D. Moustaizis, P.A. Loukakos
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy , Volume:47, Page:9527, Year:2022, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.062 [6]
Electrodeposition of Ni particles on laser nanostructured electrodes for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction
1. I. Poimenidis, S. D. Moustaizis, N. Papakosta, M. D. Tsanakas, A. Klini, P. A. Loukakos
Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume:xxx, Page:xxx, Year:2022, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.652 [7]
Quantum dot based 3D printed woodpile photonic crystals tuned for the visible
6. Ioanna Sakellari, Elmina Kabouraki, Dimitris Karanikolopoulos, Sotiris Droulias, Maria Farsari, Panagiotis Loukakos, Maria Vamvakaki and David Gray
Nanoscale Adv., Volume:DOI:10.1039/c9na00357f, Year:2019, DOI:doi.org/10.1039/C9NA00357F [8]
Ultrafast laser pulse chirp effects on laser-generated nanoacoustic strains in Silicon
M. Bakarezos, E. Tzianaki, S. Petrakis, G. Tsibidis, P. A. Loukakos, V. Dimitriou, C. Kosmidis, M. Tatarakis, N. A. Papadogiannis
Ultrasonics, Volume:86, Page:14, Year:2018, DOI:doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2018.01.008 [9]
Control of periodic surface structures on Silicon by combined temporal and polarization shaping of femtosecond laser pulses
F. Fraggelakis, E. Stratakis, P. A. Loukakos
Appl. Surf. Sci., Volume:444, Page:154, Year:2018, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.258 [10]
Controlling nanoscale acoustic strains in silicon using chirped femtosecond laser pulses
E. Tzianaki, M. Bakarezos, G. D. Tsibidis, S. Petrakis, P. A. Loukakos, C. Kosmidis, M. Tatarakis, and N. A. Papadogiannis
Appl. Phys. Lett., Volume:108, Page:254102, Year:2016, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954636 [11]
Ultrafast Processes in Graphene Oxide during Femtosecond Laser Excitation
N. Liaros, S. Couris, E. Koudoumas, P. A. Loukakos
J. Phys. Chem. C, Volume:120, Page:4104, Year:2016, DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b11943 [12]
High acoustic strains in Si through ultrafast laser excitation of Ti thin-film transducers
E. Tzianaki, M. Bakarezos, G. D. Tsibidis, Y. Orphanos, P. A. Loukakos, C. Kosmidis, P. Patsalas, M. Tatarakis, and N. A. Papadogiannis
Opt. Express, Volume:23, Page:17191, Year:2015, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.017191 [13]
Laser-assisted nanostructuring of Silicon in liquid environment
E. V. Barmina, C. Fotakis, P. A. Loukakos, E. Stratakis, and G. A. Shafeev
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:117, Page:359, Year:2014, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8437-9 [14]
Controlled ultrashort pulse laser induced ripple formation on semiconductors
G. D. Tsibidis, E. Stratakis, P. A. Loukakos, and C. Fotakis
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:114, Page:57, Year:2014, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-8113-5 [15]
The influence of ultra-fast temporal energy regulation on the morphology of Si surfaces through femtosecond double pulse irradiation
M. Barberoglou, G. D. Tsibidis, D. Gray, E. Magoulakis, C. Fotakis, E. Stratakis, and P. A. Loukakos
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:113, Page:273, Year:2013, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7893-y [16]
Controlling ripples’ periodicity using temporally delayed femtosecond laser double pulses
M. Barberoglou, D. Gray, E. Magoulakis, C. Fotakis, P. A. Loukakos, and E. Stratakis
Opt. Express, Volume:21, Page:18501, Year:2013, DOI:10.1364/OE.21.018501 [17]
Porosity-moderated ultrafast electron transport in Au nanowire networks
E. Magoulakis, A. Kostopoulou, G. N. Arvanitakis, A. G. Kanaras, A. N. Andriotis, A. Lappas, and P. A. Loukakos
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:111, Page:711, Year:2013, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7647-x [18]
Dynamics of ripple formation on silicon surfaces by ultrashort laser pulses in subablation conditions
G. D. Tsibidis, M. Barberoglou, P. A. Loukakos, E. Stratakis, and C. Fotakis
Phys. Rev. B, Volume:86, Page:115316, Year:2012, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.115316 [19]
Charge transfer dynamics in molecular solids and adsorbates driven by local and non-local excitations
A. Foehlisch, S. Vijayalakshmi, A. Pietzsch, M. Nagasono, W. Wurth, P. S. Kirchmann, P. A. Loukakos, U. Bovensiepen, M. Wolf, M. Tchaplyguine, F. Hennies
Surf. Sci., Volume:606, Page:887, Year:2012, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2011.12.014 [20]
Femtosecond And Picosecond Laser Ablation Of Intraocular Lenses: An Advanced Technique For Their Surface Modification
A. A. Serafetinides, M. Makropoulou, E. Spyratou, C. Bacharis, M. Barberoglou, A. Englezis, C. Kalpouzos, P. Loukakos, P. Pouli
AIP Conf. Proc., Volume:1380, Page:12, Year:2011, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3631803 [21]
Direct acoustic phonon excitation by intense and ultrashort THz pulses
J. M. Manceau, P. A. Loukakos and S. Tzortzakis
Appl. Phys. Lett., Volume:97, Page:251904, Year:2010, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3529466 [22]
Laser induced forward transfer of metal oxides using femtosecond double pulses
E. L. Papadopoulou, E. Axente, E. Magoulakis, C. Fotakis, and P. A. Loukakos
Appl. Surf. Sci., Volume:257, Page:508, Year:2010, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.022 [23]
Ultrafast electron dynamics in ZnO/Si micro-cones
E. Magoulakis, E. L. Papadopoulou, E. Stratakis, C. Fotakis, and P. A. Loukakos
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:98, Page:701, Year:2010, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5558-7 [24]
Direct phonon excitation in semiconductors by ultrashort intense THz radiation
J. M. Manceau, P. A. Loukakos, and S. Tzortzakis
CLEO/QELS Conf. Proc., Page:5225658, Year:2009, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/IQEC.2009.IThC2 [25]
Ultrafast electron dynamics in metals: Real-time analysis of a reflected light field using photoelectrons
U. Bovensiepen, S. Declair, M. Lisowski, P. A. Loukakos, A. Hotzel, M. Richter, , A. Knorr, and M. Wolf
Phys. Rev. B, Volume:79, Page:045415, Year:2009, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.045415 [26]
Linear X-wave generation by means of cross-phase modulation in Kerr media
A. Averchi, D. Faccio, E. Rubino, H. Valtna Lukner, P. Panagiotopoulos, P. A. Loukakos, S. Tzortzakis, A. Couairon, and P. Di Trapani
Opt. Lett., Volume:33, Page:3018, Year:2008, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.33.003028 [27]
Laser Induced Forward Transfer of metals by temporally shaped femtosecond laser pulses
A. Klini, P. A. Loukakos, D. Gray, A. Manousaki, and C. Fotakis
Opt. Express, Volume:16, Page:11300, Year:2008, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.011300 [28]
Femtosecond dynamics of electronic states in the Mott insulator 1T-TaS2 by time resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
L. Perfetti, P. A. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, U. Bovensiepen, M. Wolf, H. Berger, S. Biermann and A. Georges
N. J. Phys., Volume:10, Page:053019, Year:2008, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/5/053019 [29]
Time resolved photoemission of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O2+δ
L. Perfetti, P. A. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, U. Bovensiepen, and M. Wolf
Conf. Quant. El. Laser Sci (QELS), Page:4553095, Year:2008, DOI:10.1109/QELS.2008.4553095 [30]
Ultrafast Electron Relaxation in Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ by Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy
L. Perfetti, P. A. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, U. Bovensiepen, H. Eisaki, and M. Wolf
Phys. Rev. Lett, Volume:99, Page:197001, Year:2007, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.197001 [31]
Time Resolved Photoemission of an Insulator-Metal Transition
26. L. Perfetti, P. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, U. Bovensiepen, and M. Wolf
Springer Series in Chemical Physics, Volume:88, Page:749, Year:2007, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68781-8_239 [32]
Ultrafast Electron Dynamics in C6F6/Cu(111) after Localized or Delocalized Excitation
P. S. Kirchmann, P. Loukakos, U. Bovensiepen, M. Wolf, S. Vijayalakshmi, F. Hennies, A. Pietzsch, M. Nagasono, A. Foehlisch, and W. Wurth
Springer Series in Chemical Physics, Volume:88, Page:276, Year:2007, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68781-8_89 [33]
Dynamics of the self-energy of the Gd(0001) surface probed by femtosecond photoemission spectroscopy
P. A. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, G. Bihlmayer, S. Blügel, M. Wolf, and U. Bovensiepen
Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume:98, Page:097401, Year:2007, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.097401 [34]
Time Evolution of the Electronic Structure of 1T-TaS2 through the Iinsulator-Metal Transition
L. Perfetti, P. A. Loukakos, M. Lisowski, U. Bovensiepen, H. Berger, S. Biermann, P. S. Cornaglia, A. Georges, and M. Wolf
Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume:97, Page:067402, Year:2006, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.067402 [35]
Femtosecond Electron and Spin Dynamics in Gd(0001) Studied by Time-Resolved Photoemission and Magneto-optics
M. Lisowski, P. A. Loukakos, A. Melnikov, I. Radu, L. Ungureanu, M. Wolf, and U. Bovensiepen
Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume:95, Page:137402, Year:2005, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.137402 [36]
Femtosecond dynamics of electron transfer, localization and solvation processes at the ice-metal interface
U. Bovensiepen, C. Gahl, J. Stähler, P. A. Loukakos, and M. Wolf
Isr. J. Chem., Volume:45, Page:171, Year:2005, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1560/Q0KU-9ETY-EQE0-0YEX [37]
Ultrafast electron dynamics studied with time-resoled two-photon photoemission: intra- and interband scattering in C6F6/Cu(111)
P. S. Kirchmann, P. A. Loukakos, U. Bovensiepen, and M. Wolf
New J. Phys., Volume:7, Page:113, Year:2005, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/113 [38]
Femtosecond dynamics and transport of optically excited electrons in epitaxial Cu films on Si(111)-77
33. M. Lisowski, P. A. Loukakos, U. Bovensiepen, and M. Wolf,
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:79, Page:739, Year:2004, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2591-4 [39]
Ultrafast electron-electron scattering and energy exchanges in noble-metal nanoparticles
C. Voisin, D. Christophilos, P. A. Loukakos, N. Del Fatti, F. Vallee, J. Lerme, M. Gaudry, E. Cottancin, M. Pellarin, and M. Broyer
Phys. Rev. B, Volume:69, Page:195416, Year:2004, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.69.195416 [40]
Ultrafast dynamics of electron thermalization, cooling and transport effects in Ru (001)
M. Lisowski, P. A. Loukakos, U. Bovensiepen, J. Stähler, C. Gahl, and M. Wolf
Appl. Phys. A, Volume:78, Page:165, Year:2004, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2301-7 [41]
The role of As precipitates on ultrafast electron trapping in low-temperature-grown GaAs and AlGaAs alloys
P. A. Loukakos, C. Kalpouzos, I. E. Perakis, Z. Chatzopoulos, M. Sfendourakis, G. Konstantinidis, and C. Fotakis
J. Appl. Phys., Volume:91, Page:9863, Year:2002, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1477614 [42]
Studies of the fast ignition route to internal confinement fusion at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
P. A. Norreys, M. Bakarezos, L. Barringer, M. Borghesi, F. N. Beg, A. R. Bell, M. Castro-Colins, D. Chambers, A. E. Dangor, C. N. Danson, A. Djaoui, A. P. Fews, R. Galliard, P. Gibbon, L. Gizzi, M. E. Glinsky, B. A. Hammel, M. H. Key, P. Lee, P. Loukakos, A. J. MacKinnon, C. Meyer, J. Meyer-ter-Vehn, S. Moustaizis, S. G. Preston, A. Pukhov, S. J. Rose, M. Tatarakis, J. S. Wark, O. Willi, M. Zepf, and J. Zhang
Fus. Eng. Des., Volume:44, Page:239, Year:1999, DOI:doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(98)00343-3 [43]
Efficient Extreme UV Harmonics Generated from Picosecond Laser Pulse Interactions with Solid Targets
P. A. Norreys, M. Zepf, S. Moustaizis, A. P. Fews, J. Zhang, P. Lee, M. Bakarezos, C. N. Danson, A. Dyson, P. Gibbon, P. Loukakos, D. Neely, F. N. Walsh, J. S. Wark, and A. E. Dangor
Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume:76, Page:1832, Year:1996, DOI:doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.1832 [44]
Coherence and bandwidth measurements of harmonics generated from solid surfaces irradiated by intense picosecond laser pulses
J. Zhang, M. Zepf, P. A. Norreys, A. E. Dangor, M. Bakarezos, C. N. Danson, A. Dyson, A. P. Fews, P. Gibbon, M. H. Key, P. Lee, P. Loukakos, S. Moustaizis, D. Neely, F. N. Walsh and J. S. Wark
Phys. Rev. A, Volume:54, Page:1597, Year:1996, DOI:doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1597 [45]
"Ultrafast Processes on Semiconductor Surfaces Initiated by Temporally Shaped Femtosecond Laser Pulses” in “Pulsed Laser Ablation: Advances and Applications in Nanoparticles and Nanostructuring Thin Films
P. A. Loukakos, G. D. Tsibidis, E. Stratakis
Year: 2018, ISBN:ISBN 978-981-4774-23-9
Ultrafast Laser-Assisted Surface Micro- and Nanostructuring” In “Ultrafast Laser Processing: From Micro- to Nanoscale
E. Stratakis, E. V. Barmina, P. A. Loukakos, G. A. Shaffev, and C. Fotakis
Year: 2013, ISBN:978-981-4267-33-5
Extreme ultraviolet harmonic generation from ultra-intense picosecond laser-solid interactions: Results and perspectives
P. A. Norreys, M. Zepf, M. Bakarezos, M. Castro-Colins, D. Chambers, C. N. Danson, A. Dyson, A. P. Fews, P. Gibbon, M. H. Key, P. Lee, P. Loukakos, S. Moustaizis, D. Neely, S. G. Preston, F. N. Walsh, J. S. Wark, J. Zhang, and A. E. Dangor
Year: 1997, ISBN:ISBN:0-7503-0443-X
Development and application of ultra-bright laser and harmonic XUV sources
M. H. Key, T. W. Barbee Jr., J. W. Blyth, K. Burnett, G. F. Cairns, A. E. Dangor, T. Dimitre, A. Djaoui, L. B. Da Silva, A. Demir, A. Dyson, A. P. Fews, E. E. Fill, P. Gibbon, P. Lee, S. Healy, M. Holden, M. H. R. Hutchinson, D. H. Kalantar, N. S. Kim, C. L. S. Lewis, Y. Li, J. Lin, P. A. Loukakos, A. G. McPhee, I. Mercer, S. Moustaizis, M. Nakai, D. Neely, P. Norreys, A. A. Offenberger, G. J. Pert, S. G. Preston, B. A. Remmington, A. Sanpera, D. Schlogl, C. G. Smith, R. Smith, J. Steingruber, G. J. Tallents, F. Walsh, J. S. Wark, J. Warwick, E. Wolfrum, M. Zepf, P. Zeitoun, and J. Zhang
Year: 1996, ISBN:0-7503-0406-5
Spatial and temporal coherence measurements of harmonics of a 1053 nm, 2.5 ps laser interacting with solid surfaces
J. Zhang, M. Zepf, P. A. Norreys, A. E. Dangor, M. Bakarezos, C. N. Danson, A. Dyson, A. P. Fews, P. Gibbon, P. Lee, P. Loukakos, M. H. Key, S. Moustaizis, D. Neely, F. N. Walsh, and J. S. Wark
Year: 1996, ISBN:0-7503-0406-5

Links
[1] https://cc-webserver.iesl.forth.gr/en/A-8642-2014 [2] https://scholar.google.gr/citations?hl=en&user=oe2SNXoAAAAJ [3] http://www.flasss.com [4] https://cc-webserver.iesl.forth.gr/sites/default/files/cv-en/CV%20Loukakos%20latest%20english%20version%20220602.pdf [5] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.09.010 [6] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.01.062 [7] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.652 [8] https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NA00357F [9] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2018.01.008 [10] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.258 [11] https://https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954636 [12] https://10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b11943 [13] https://https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.017191 [14] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8437-9 [15] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-8113-5 [16] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7893-y [17] https://10.1364/OE.21.018501 [18] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-013-7647-x [19] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.115316 [20] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2011.12.014 [21] https://https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3631803 [22] https://https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3529466 [23] https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.022 [24] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5558-7 [25] https://https://doi.org/10.1364/IQEC.2009.IThC2 [26] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.045415 [27] https://https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.33.003028 [28] https://https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.011300 [29] https://https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/10/5/053019 [30] https://10.1109/QELS.2008.4553095 [31] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.197001 [32] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68781-8_239 [33] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68781-8_89 [34] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.097401 [35] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.067402 [36] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.137402 [37] https://https://doi.org/10.1560/Q0KU-9ETY-EQE0-0YEX [38] https://https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/113 [39] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2591-4 [40] https://https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.69.195416 [41] https://https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-003-2301-7 [42] https://https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1477614 [43] https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(98)00343-3 [44] https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.1832 [45] https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1597 [46] https://cc-webserver.iesl.forth.gr/en/research/diagnostic-methodologies